Death Metal and the Power Over Life
This post is not making claims or coming to conclusions, but setting up a line of inquiry for further research. I have a pretty good sense of the overarching idea, but I need some more firm evidence to back it up, and I still have some questions that I need to think through. If you have any suggestions for either of those, I’d love to hear them.
For the last year or two I’ve been trying to find, in musical practices, an example of specific techniques for subverting neoliberal biopower. What I mean by neoliberal biopower is this:
1. It’s not about content, but about formal relationships, particularly relationships of rate, frequency, amplitude, meter—what Deleuze and others (like Jeffery Nealon, Jasbir Puar, etc.) call relationships of “speed and slowness.”
a. So, for example, while classical liberalism cares about your identity (the ‘content’ of your true inner self), neoliberalism cares only about things like your test scores, your BMI, or population-wide rates of mortality and morbidity, etc. In short: frequency not truth.
2. It’s not about exchange and conquest, but competition and intensity. See my previous post on “pushing it to the limit.” In short: maximalize everything, as long as you don’t ever touch the upper or lower asymptote. Or: you can tweak the frequency, but not the amplitude—or, you can tweak the frequency only to the extent that it doesn’t thereby affect the amplitude.
3. It’s a power over life: the object of the logic of intensification is the lifeof privileged groups. “I want more life, fucker,” as Roy says at the end of Blade Runner.
a. If it promotes hegemony by intensifying the life of privileged groups, then death is biopolitical neoliberalism’s unassimilable outside. Foucault makes this clear in Society Must Be Defended.
b. So death is subversive only for some privileged groups; death is not at all subversive for those groups already left to die (“bare life” etc.).
So how do you subvert neoliberal biopower, the metric, frequential intensification of life?
I’ve been chewing on this question for a while. I’ve come up with a few suggestions: Martha Rossler’s work on “Vital Statistics of a Citizen, Simply Obtained,” the Guerilla Girls’ use of statistics, even the concept of a hangover. Puar suggests that such subversion is “non-metric.” Now, I actually disagree with Puar here. The ‘non-metric’ is an attempt to escape meter/frequency/the logic of intensity; I agree with Foucault that this idea of escaping power is really a misunderstanding of how the power over life works. The point is not to liberate ourselves from meter. It’s to fuck with meter so that it works in unexpected ways: meter has a differently-metric effect, or something like that. There has to be some musical example of this differently-metric meter, right? And I’ve been looking for examples, and even found a few. So, when Deleuze is talking about pure relationships of speed and slowness in 1K Plateaus, he could just as easily be talking about Steve Reich’s process music (the small-scale details and large-scale form unfold simultaneously, etc.). So something like “Violin Phase” or “It’s Gonna Rain” are examples of this differently-metric meter.
So while I had been able to find a few examples of differently-metric musical practices, I hadn’t been able to find ones that connected this metric tweaking back to the issue of life. Until I was walking my dogs yesterday and Genghis Tron’s “Board Up The House” came on the internet radio:
Notice around 1:20-2:20 (where the vocals first come in): between their use of mixed meters and their obscuring of the downbeat, this sounds non-metric. It’s not; it’s actually highly regular, and the musicians are being scrupulously attentive to timing.
I know this song isn’t exactly death metal proper, but it did, at times, remind me of death metal. So, in what might be loosely called death metal, we have an example of exactly the sort of differently-metric subversion of “meter” I was looking for. So the metric practices are explicitly related to death. Death metal—and again, I’m being very loose with this term; there are a bazillion subgenres and related genres that also use this practice—combines the Deleuzian side of my theory of neoliberalism (the speed and slowness, the logic of intensity) with the Foucaultian side of my theory of neoliberalism (biopolitics, the power over life). Duh, right? I can’t believe it took me this long to think of this. But now that I’m here, there’s plenty to think more about, such as:
Death Metal:
1. Verges on the non-metric. It’s actually hyper-metric, extra-perfectly quantized, metered music. To play in a group with that much complexity within an individual part, and among different parts, requires some very expert, attentive playing. And, this quantization actually surpasses the limits of electronic/digital instruments: human players can push beyond the parameters of a particular synth, patch, effect, etc. The human players can tune themselves to 11 or 15 or whatever.
a. Posthuman implications of this: humans are more machine than machines
i. Subversion by hyperperfection; too-perfect repetitions of the frequency
b. In contrast to humanist liberty-in-imperfection/analog
i. Subversion by imperfect repetition (Butler)
2. This hyper-quantized metricality is actually more perfect than our ears are capable of perceiving. The performers have surpassed the sonic point where we can distinguish among individual sounds—we just perceive one continuous sound bloc, in the same way we see still frames projected at a rate of 24per second as continuous motion..
a. So it sounds like nonsense, when in fact it is very rigorously ordered. It’s the logic of intensity pushed past the limits of our perceptory faculties (if not the limits of the logic itself).
b. This is not liberation; it’s not doing whatever you want, it’s not autonomy, it’s not chaos.
c. In fact, it’s very highly coordinated interactivity.
3. So why is this musical/aesthetic strategy connected to DEATH? If you’re writing a song with an explicitly death-focused aesthetic and lyrical content, why choose thesemusical practices to express that aesthetic and that content?
a. In a way, the metric practice I identify in this post is characteristic of most “hardcore” musics: hardcore punk, ‘ardcore, jungle (think of how the Amen Break gets broken down and reconstituted in really abstract, nearly unrecognizable ways).
b. So the question is: what’s the specific relationship between this musical practice or aesthetic and the idea/aesthetic of “death”?
i. Is it that this subversively-metric practice expresses/parallels is white guys’ attempts to not live an appropriately intensified life? What I mean is: Death metal is a largely white, largely male genre. Neoliberal biopower is very interested in intensifying their lives, in giving them more and better lives (especially if they’re straight or homonational). So for them subversion involves not intensifying their life, or at least not intensifying it in the appropriate ways. So maybe this metric practice is an inappropriate logic of intensification? And its inappropriateness gets registered as death? (I.e., you’re not living the right life, you’re not working hard enough on improving your human capital, so you might as well be dead?)
Readers, help me find a super-great example for my book. What death metal/tech death/grindcore/cybercore/etc. tracks or bands should I be listening to?
I’ll be working on these ideas and questions for a while, and you should expect revised versions of this post in the future.
I lived with Death Metal since it was born, and you have some interesting ideas. I would try to explore the Black/Death border of music where the most interesting things are happening right now. For example, try Funeral Mist (Maranata), Mgla (With hearts towards none), Nile (Those whom the gods detest) or Melechesh (Emmisaries). If you tell me more specifically what you seek I am sure we can find something.
Thanks for the suggestions! I will definitely check them out.
I would really be interested in your take on Demilich.
You could probably correspond with Antti, the man behind the music. He has made their entire catalog freely available for download (talk about not working hard enough on improving your human capital).
http://www.anentity.com/demilich/download.php
I like your thesis here a lot and I think it explains a lot behind the work of some of my favorite musicology.
The Genghis Tron example is interesting to me, but any band signed to Replapse is de facto working on improving their human capital. Nu-metal, metalcore, nu-death, whatever one wants to call it is to my mind the normalization of odd meters to repackage frequency as amplitude less than it nears the process you describe whereby its use of odd meter engages with a death aesthetic. This may be why “tr00 l33t” metal purists such as anus.com only suggest a select few bands (including Demlich) evoke death instead of commerce, except they fall short when it comes to musical analysis and are hampered by political agendas which are examples of the intensity.
super interesting, as always!
i’m a bit overtired and low-wattage right now to flesh it out, but i’m finding myself thinking about whether another place where these things come together (in parallel but rather different-sounding ways) is balkan traditional/neo-trad music – specifically the largely roma-played genres which western europeans tend to gloss as “complex meter” because the ways they do ‘speed and slowness’ don’t work at all in dominant-culture terms. the contextual/community/etc relationships of those genres to neoliberal biopower and cultural economics in the neoliberal world is complicated, and the overt lyrical themes do connect up at times… with interesting tensions between the ‘bare life’ conditions experienced by most roma, and the desperately-seeking-authenticity-and-novelty hipster zones which have appropriated and/or fetishized some related genres (though largely in their most 4/4 versions).
The band Dragged Into Sunlight jumps straight to mind.
Thanks, rozele–your comments are always super helpful!
I have been thinking about something similar to what you identify as the “hipster zones”. There’s a way in which the mainstream neoliberal musical forms are really accommodating to non-Western music practices generally. I’m thinking especially about the mainstreaming of African-American music in the 20th c, and especially hip hop after 2000. Perhaps part of the reason why it was so easy for non-harmonic, really rhythmic Afrodiasporic styles to cross over is because their formal principles could be easily co-opted by neoliberalism?
Thanks Bryan and Anon for your suggestions!
So,
might I ask what ‘internet radio’ you found that on … I am quite jealous!
Awesome ready btw, even when you loose me.
i think there’s a lot to dig into in your suggestion about the “mainstreaming” (by which i assume you mean a mix of ‘adoption by a wide white listenership’, ‘commercialization for white consumers’, and ‘legitimation as not politically/culturally threatening’) of afrodiasporic music… and it’d be fascinating to look at the arc over the course of the 20th century as neoliberalism emerges, from the blues-oriented “Harlem vogue” of the 1920s to the modern-jazz-fan original ‘hipsters’ and nostalgic dixieland-fetishists of the 50s through the domestication of disco, hiphop, drum-n-bass, etc. on the current versions, i think plenty of the online conversations among folks like wayne marshall, chief boima, DJ ripley, johan palme/birdseed, etc. feed in in interesting ways…
thanks for the suggestions, rozele–I’ll check them out!